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Agricultural laws and legislation --- Droit rural --- United States.

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Industrial relations --- Labor laws and legislation --- Relations industrielles --- Travail --- Droit --- Law

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Qualities of Mercy deals with the history of mercy, the remittance of punishments in the criminal law. The writers probe the discretionary use of power and inquire how it has been exercised to spare convicted criminals from the full might of the law. Drawing on the history of England, Canada, and Australia in periods when both capital and corporal punishment were still practised, they show that contrary to common assumptions the past was not a time of unmitigated terror and they ask what inspired restraint in punishment. They conclude that the ability to decide who lived and died -- through the exercise or denial of mercy -- reinforced the power structure. The essays are an important contribution to current public policy debates. If today's move towards unyielding and harsher punishment proceeds, including campaigns to reinstate capital punishment, mercy alone will fail to neutralize the inequities of criminal justice. Only profound cultural shifts and transitions of sensibility have the force to stem the tide of unprecedented punitiveness.

Punishment --- Great Britain --- History --- Canada --- Australia --- Penalties (Criminal law) --- Penology --- Corrections --- Impunity --- Retribution --- History. --- PEINES CORPORELLES --- TRANSPORTATION --- PARDON ROYAL --- GRACE (DROIT) --- PEINE DE MORT --- DROIT PENAL --- HISTOIRE --- CANADA --- PENOLOGIE

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In the Hellenistic period certain Greek temples and cities came to be declared "sacred and inviolable." Asylia was the practice of declaring religious places precincts of asylum, meaning they were immune to violence and civil authority. The evidence for this phenomenon--mainly inscriptions and coins--is scattered in the published record. The material has never been collected and presented in one publication until now. Kent J. Rigsby lays out these documents and discusses their historical implications in a substantial introduction. He argues that while a hopeful intention of military neutrality lay behind the institution of asylum, the declarations did not in fact change military behavior. Instead, "declared inviolability" became a civic and religious honor for which cities across the Greek world competed during the third to first centuries B.C.

Asylum, Right of (Greek law) --- Sacred space --- Law - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law - Africa, Asia, Pacific & Antarctica --- Holy places --- Places, Sacred --- Sacred places --- Sacred sites --- Sacred spaces --- Sites, Sacred --- Space, Sacred --- Holy, The --- Religion and geography --- Law, Greek --- Religious aspects. --- History. --- Religious aspects --- History --- Droit grec --- Droit d'asile --- Asylum, Right of (Greek law) - Religious aspects --- Sacred space - Greece - History

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Among the multiple repercussions of the Discovery of the West Indies for the world, we will be especially interested here in the way in which it was translated in terms of responsibility for Spain. At a time when we still do not know everything about the real extent of the lands glimpsed by Columbus, the Alexandrian Bulles indeed assign to the Catholic Kings a spiritual mission towards the peoples who are there, while delegating for this purpose to the sovereigns the temporal government of what will soon be perceived as a New World. The forms that this domination takes on the ground, in particular by causing the rapid reduction of the population of the Antilles, raise questions about the Indians and about the right of the Crown to enslave them. The debate on the nature of Indians and their ability to reason takes on its meaning in this context: it is a question of justifying foreign domination by the barbarism attributed to the vanquished, or, conversely, of questioning it by a defense of the rights of the natives. The challenge to the conquest is never on the merits - the Spanish guardianship is unanimously deemed desirable to varying degrees - but on the way of proceeding of the conquistadores and enco-menderos that we now know to be brutal and dangerous. To the denunciations, emanating mainly from the missionary clergy, will soon be added various reform plans, called to have different repercussions on the legislation. or, conversely, to question it by defending the rights of the natives. The challenge to the conquest is never on the merits - the Spanish guardianship is unanimously deemed desirable to varying degrees - but on the way of proceeding of the conquistadores and enco-menderos that we now know to be brutal and dangerous. To the denunciations, emanating mainly from the missionary clergy, will soon be added various reform plans, called to have different repercussions on the legislation. or, conversely, to question it by defending the rights of the natives. The challenge to the conquest is never on the merits - the Spanish guardianship is unanimously deemed desirable to varying degrees - but on the way of proceeding of the conquistadores and enco-menderos that we now know to be brutal and dangerous. To the denunciations, emanating mainly from the missionary clergy, will soon be added various reform plans, called to have different repercussions on the legislation. elsewhere never on the merits - the Spanish tutelage is unanimously considered desirable to varying degrees - but on the way of proceeding of the conquistadores and enco-menderos that we now know to be brutal and dangerous. To the denunciations, emanating mainly from the missionary clergy, will soon be added various reform plans, called to have different repercussions on the legislation. elsewhere never on the merits - the Spanish tutelage is unanimously considered desirable to varying degrees - but on the way of proceeding of the conquistadores and enco-menderos that we now know to be brutal and dangerous. To the denunciations, emanating mainly from the missionary clergy, will soon be added various reform plans, called to have different repercussions on the legislation.

Social policy. --- Spanish colonies. --- Latin America --- Spain --- History --- Congresses. --- Colonies --- Social policy --- National planning --- State planning --- Economic policy --- Family policy --- Social history --- Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio countries --- Neotropical region --- Neotropics --- New World tropics --- Spanish America --- Espagne --- Espainiako Erresuma --- España --- Espanha --- Espanja --- Espanya --- Estado Español --- Hispania --- Hiszpania --- Isupania --- Kingdom of Spain --- Regne d'Espanya --- Reiaume d'Espanha --- Reino de España --- Reino d'Espanya --- Reinu d'España --- Sefarad --- Sepharad --- Shpanie --- Shpanye --- Spanien --- Spanish State --- Supein --- イスパニア --- スペイン --- colonisation --- controverse religieuse --- Empire espagnol --- évangélisation --- Église catholique --- droit de conquête --- droit international --- indiens d'Amérique